Ethical and Legal implications of lack of access to healthcare Case Study

Ethical and Legal implications of lack of access to healthcare - Case Study Example The high expectations of ensuring effective care to those suffering from acute illnesses have taken a toll on the health care system in the country due to shortage of available resources against the number of people in need of care. Allocation of scarce resources in the midst of increasing costs and unemployment has led to a series of debates among scholars regarding the role and impact of ethics in provision of health care services. Although various health care reforms have been initiated over the years, to ensure better care for the citizens, the nurses and other care givers are entrusted with an ethical responsibility to provide equitable and fair distribution of resources (White, Duncan, 2002). The ethical obligation to offer adequate and timely health care services across all classes of the society entails two key principles of health care which includes - the provision of fair and equal opportunities to all members of the society and to protect and safeguard the interests of th e vulnerable populations by providing them proper health care benefits. These principles seem to have eroded with time, on account of increasing costs of drugs, rise in health care expenditures, and the resulting cost-control measures arising out of the same. This has lead to serious negative implications on the society as a whole such as reduction in overall health of the citizens, reduction in employee productivity, and an increased burden on the health care system in terms of added costs among many others (Sulmasy, 1992). Although access to health care services is not an end to all health related problems, the equitable access to such services does however significantly increases the odds of attaining better health outcomes due to timely diagnosis and treatment. According to the Study of Ethical Problems in Medicine and Biomedicine and Behavioral Science Research Commission, one of the key ethical obligations of the society includes ensuring equal access to health care services. The commission states that "Equitable access to health care requires that all citizens be able to secure an adequate level of care without excessive burdens" (Millman 1993, Pp. 32). Legal Implications of lack of access to health care: There are wide ranging racial disparities in the United States with regard to health care, despite of stringent laws against such discrimination. However, such disparities exist on account of various reasons such as the vulnerabilities of people belonging to certain races such as African Americans and Hispanics who belong to low socio-economic backgrounds. According to The Civil Rights Act of 1964, any discrimination in provision of health care may lead to enforcement of legal action against the accused. Section 601 of Title VI states that "No person in the United States, shall, on the grounds of race, color, or national origin, be excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subject to discrimination under any program or activity r eceiving federal financial assistance" (Williams 2007, pp. 180). This clearly indicates that law prohibits any kind of discrimination however preventing such discrimination poses a greater challenge, due to the various types of

Gulf Regional Legal Environment of Business Essay - 2

Gulf Regional Legal Environment of Business - Essay Example For example, Sadah (2010) has pointed out those countries like Oman lacks in proper legal framework which can not only protect domestic players but also attract foreign investors. Hence, it can be said that providing a stable legal framework to domestic and foreign companies is related to Oman’s growth and prosperity. McConnaughay (2001) has defined law as a structure and combination of principles which provide guidance to companies on how to do business and also takes care of the interest of investors. In Oman, Commercial Companies Law under the Royal Decree No. 4/1974 takes care of most of the business entities such as Joint-stock Companies, Limited Liability Companies (LLC), joint venture between partners etc (Morison Muscat, 2010). However, such an old prescription is not helpful for Oman to solve the entire pertinent and current day business problem. For example, the age old Royal Decree No. 4/1974 is not helpful to guide business operation of commercial companies which m ight or might not have principal operation in Oman. Another important thing is that, in last 20 years, rapid industrialization in Oman has increased interest of foreign investors to invest money in order to expand business in the country (Morison Muscat, 2010). ... Part 2 Research scholars such as Siviglia (1993), Fox (2009) and Christou (2009) have pointed out that, commercial agreement between countries is important facet of international trade policy for government of any country. Careful analysis of the work done by Fox (2009) shows that commercial agreement between Sultanate of Oman and any foreign Country is exposed to both advantages and disadvantages. Commercial agreement between Sultanate of Oman and international countries comes under the Royal Decree No. 102/94- FCIL and foreign capital investment policy (Morison Muscat, 2010). According to the law, foreign companies need to get license from Omani government in order to commence business in the country. Investors of foreign countries are allowed to invest in tourism, construction, infrastructure, technology or own share of Omani company. Commercial agreement between foreign countries and Oman also includes the clause that, foreign investors will be eligible for tax holidays if their service is found to be necessary to economic growth of Oman by the Council of Ministers (Morison Muscat, 2010). There are plenty of advantages associated with signing commercial agreement by Sultanate of Oman with international countries such as, foreign partners will invest additional fund to the Oman economy which will positively impact the gross domestic product growth of Oman, technological partnership between foreign companies and domestic players will ultimately increase the overall technological capacity of the Oman, foreign investors will create job opportunity by investing money in Oman which will significantly improve the labour market condition